De notre histoire, il est gommé une composante essentielle, celle de l’apport déterminant de la foulanité depuis le Tékrour

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Fouta is an integral part of what has shaped today’s West Africa, the ignorance of which will undoubtedly jeopardize our future and condemn us to underdevelopment in a latent space that is kept under dependence, as an appendage of a world whose multipolarization exposes us more than ever to plunder and dereliction.

WE WILL RISE TOGETHER IN MUTUAL RESPECT OR WE WILL ALL PERISH FROM THE DEADLY IDEOLOGY OF EXCLUSION.

Let’s fill together the clever scrubbing of the Foutanian component of History, we will all gain in identity.

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OF THE FORMATION AND SOCIO-HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE FULANI AND THE FULA-TA (FOUTA), FROM TÉKROUR TO THE DENYANKÉS, FROM 859 TO 1559.

1. DIÂ OGO or OUKKA:

They were the first to introduce the cultivation of coarse millet.

It is from this warrior stock that Soumangourou Kanté descends, incidentally.

Their last king was killed by Wâr « 《Diâ》-bi », founder of the Manna dynasty.

2. THE MANNA:

Said to have originated from Diâra, they bore the title « 《Diâ》-kité » and extended their suzerainty over the Tekurian Foûla-ta, which would become the Foutah-Toro.

Their king Wâr Diâbi, who died in 1040, was the first Islamizer of the Tekrour.

This first Islamization triggered a first wave of migration [of those who reject Islam] to the Niger loop, from which the neighboring enclaves of Bandiagara (Dogon) and Macina (Fulani) emerged.

3. THE TONDIONG OF TÉKROUR (c. 1300):

The first Tondiong, before those of the Bambaras of Ségou, were Serers mixed with the Diâ Ogo.

Together with the Mandingo, they contributed to the overthrow of the Diâkité of Diâra for the benefit of the « 《Diâ》-wara ».

It was during the time of the Tondiong of Tékrour that titles of Mandinka origin (Farba) were introduced and that the Empire of Diolof was founded.

4. THE LÂM (invaders):

From the Hodh to the fifteenth century, the following arrive:

4.1 – Lâm Termès (1400-1450) with a troop composed of Fulani, Soninke and Mandingo.

They put an end to the rule of the Tondiong.

4.2 – Then the Lam Târga, at the head of the mixed Fulani tribe of Moors.

One of these Lam Târga, Musa Eli Bana, settled in Guédé, which he made his capital, and became its Lam Tôro.

5. THE DÉNIYANKÔBÉ (1559-1776).

In 1559, the political unity of the Lam was not achieved.

In fact, the right bank under the domination of the Lam Termes and the Lam Taga and the part of the left bank in the hands of the Lam Tôro, all the rest of the Foûta was under the domination of the Diâwara of Diâra, who, after having escaped Mandinka suzerainty, had passed into the movement of the Songây Empire.

It was in this context that Koli Tenguella BÂ, who had left Fouta-Djallon, created an Empire in the footsteps of his father, Tenguella BÂ, whose forces he reconstituted in Badiar, north of Fouta-Djallon.

6. SPECIAL MENTION ON KANKOU MOUSSA OF WHOM THE MANDINKA ARE SO PROUD AND RIGHTLY SO:

Let us know that when he arrived in Egypt, Kanu Moussa had to camp one night at the foot of the pyramids at the request of the Sultan of Egypt who asked him for this delay so that he would be ready to receive him at the height of his majesty.

And when, being received, he was asked, according to protocol, to state his titles and precedences, he introduced himself as « KING OF THE TEKRUR ».

7. SPECIAL MENTION ON SAMORY TOURÉ:

It is enough to compare the dates to understand that it was the fall of Bocar Biro that deprived Samory of the tactical support that had allowed him to resist for so long.

In particular, it is through the Fouta-Djalon, then in refusal of protectorate but maintaining diplomatic relations with France, that Siaka KOUROUMA, blacksmith of Samory, embarked by Bokar Biro, was able to stay in an arsenal of France, under the pretext of mastering the iron foundry, to study the operation of repeating rifles.

He will return with a skill that will be shared by the 2 kingdoms.

It should be remembered that Samory has never attacked Foutah, although none of our current Generals come close to him.

Sources:

Compilation of the publications of the newspaper « Le Soleil », of the Tarikhs (es-bilal, es-sūdan, Portuguese, British, Dutch, and French archives), oral traditions collected by the first missionaries and Family History).

Note:

Hodh: Hodh El Chargui, or Hodh Ech Chargui, is today a wilaya of Mauritania, located in the southeast of the country, on the border with Mali.

Its capital is Néma.

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